Do you know the main components of your vehicle?

Do you know what are the components of your car?
Your car is a very complicated integrated system This system is devided to many sub systems.
The main systems of any vehicle are:
1- Engine:it is the power source of the vehicle
2- Braking system: this system is responsible for stopping and decelerate the vehicle
3- Powertrain:it includes clutch,gearbox,driveline and differential,this system is responsible for transmit engine torque to the tires
4- Tires and suspension systems:responsible to develop sufficient tractive effort and braking and cornering effort and to isolate road input
5- Steering system:steering system is the main difference between road vehicles and trains
6- Body:it is the skeleton which include all previous systems and passengers or goods
Each system will be discussed in details
We will begin with the vehicle power source the ENGINE
The petrol or oil engine, which is the source of power with which we are
immediately concerned, is a form of internal combustion ‘heat engine’, the
function of which is to convert potential heat energy contained in the fuel
into mechanical work.
Engine main components:
Cylinder: The ideal form consists of a plain cylindrical barrel in which the
piston slides

Piston: The usual form of piston for internal combustion engines is an
inverted bucket-shape, machined to a close (but free sliding) fit in the cylinder
barrel. Gas tightness is secured by means of flexible ‘piston rings’ fitting
closely in grooves turned in the upper part of the piston.

Connecting rod:The connecting rod transmits the piston load to the crank,
causing the latter to turn, thus converting the reciprocating motion of the
piston into a rotary motion of the crankshaft. The lower end, or ‘big end’, of
the connecting rod turns on the crank pin.

Crankshaft: In the great majority of internal combustion engines this is of
the double-web type, the crank pin, webs and shaft being usually formed
from a solid forging. The shaft turns in two or more main bearings (depending
on the number and arrangement of the cylinders) mounted in the main frame
or ‘crankcase’ of the engine.

Flywheel: At one end the crankshaft carries a heavy flywheel, the function
of which is to absorb the variations in impulse transmitted to the shaft by the
gas and inertia loads and to drive the pistons over the dead points and idle
strokes. In motor vehicles the flywheel usually forms one member of the
clutch through which the power is transmitted to the road wheels.